The Measurement of Interface State Charge in the Mos System
نویسنده
چکیده
A simple method of measuring charge in surface states as a function of the surfacepotential in MOS transistors or MOS capacitors is proposed. A constant d.c. current is fed into the gate of an MOS transistor and with the help of an operational amplifier, the gate voltage V, with respect to the bulk is plotted as a function of gate charge Q,. The gate charge as a function of the surfacepotential I$, can be directly read off from the V,-Q, curve. As the silicon charge Q,(c#J& is known from the literature the surface state charge can be easily determined as a function of c#+. The method is illustrated with measurements on n-type and p-type MOS transistors. Finally the accuracy of the charge measuring method is discussed and a comparison with other interface state charge measuring methods is made from which the charge measuring method evolves as a method, attractive for its simplicity. RCsum6Une m6thode simple pour mesurer la charge d’ttats de surface en fonction du potentiel de surface +8 dans des transistors MOS ou des condensateurs MOS est proposte. On charge B courant constant la grille d’un transistor MOS et & I’aide d’un amplificateur opCrationnel la tension grille-substrat V, est registrke en fonction de la charge de grille Q,. De la courbe V,-Q, il est possible de dCterminer directement la CaractCristique c#+-Q,. Parce que la charge dans I’intCrieur du silicium sous I’oxyde de grille Q,(c#J& est connue de la IittCrature on peut determiner facilement la charge d’etats de surface en fonction de c&. La mCthode est appliqute aux quelques transistors MOS B substrat n et p. Aussi on discute la prkcision de la mCthode proposee et on fait une comparaison avec des mCthodes existantes. De cette comparaison on peut concluire que la mtthode proposCe est attractive par sa simplicit6. ZusammenfassungEine einfache Methode zur Ladungsmessung in Obefl%henzustiinden als Funktion des OberlIHchenpotentials in MOS Transistoren und MOS Kondensatoren wird vorgeschlagen. Ein konstanter Gleichstrom wird der Steuerelektrode eines MOS Transistors zugefihrt. Mittels eines Operationsverstlrkers wird die Steuerspannung V, bezogen auf den Substrat, als Funktion der Steuerelektrodenladung Qg geschrieben. Die Steuerelektrodenladung als Funktion des Oberl%Pchenpotentials $J* kann direkt aus der If,-Q, Kennlinie abgelesen werden. Da die Siliziumladung Q,(&,) aus der Literatur bekannt ist, kann die Oberlllchenzustandsladung leicht als Funktion von 4, bestimmt werden. Die Methode wird durch Messungen an MOS Transistoren vom nundp-Typ verdeutlicht. Schlieszlich wird die Genauigkeit der Ladungsmessungsmethode diskutiert und mit anderen Methoden zur Bestimmung der OberflPchenladung verglichen. Hieraus ergibt sich als Vorzug der Ladungsmessungsmethode, ihre grosze Einfachheit. INTRODUCTION of the charge distribution is based upon a differentTHE DETERMINATION of the charge distribution at ial capacitance measurement on the MOS system the Si-SiO, interface in MOS capacitors or transisunder varying d.c. bias. This method, as well as tors has been the subject of a number of papers its interpretation, has been discussed extensively [l-14]. Knowledge of the charge distribution, and [2-91. In this paper we intend to present an altermore precisely, knowledge about the charge in native charge measuring method, which is based the so-called ‘interface states’ is of value for those upon the direct measurement of charge supplied to who are concerned about the electrical performthe MOS system as a function of bias. One of ante of MOS capacitors and transistors. the advantages of the method is its physical The method most employed for a determination clearness. 571
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